Liu, L., & Arditi, A. (2001). How crowding affects letter confusion. Optometry and Vision Science, 78, 50–55.
Summary:
Experimenters tested how inter-letter spacing would affect the acuity errors made by participants.
Procedure:
They tested this with five letter strings of uppercase letters with wide-spacing and narrow-spacing conditions.
Stimuli
Experimenters used five letter strings of Sloan letters with spacing at either 0.1 or 1.0 letter height.
Results
Researchers found letter confusions shared by both narrow and wide spaced conditions. They also found that narrow spacing produced more random confusions and unique letter confusions which were not present under the wide spacing conditions.
References
Liu, L., & Arditi, A. (2001). How crowding affects letter confusion. Optometry and Vision
Science, 78, 50–55.
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